Наукові праці. Кафедра акушерства та гінекології № 3

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Editorial: The repercussions of maternal inflammation in pre-eclampsia on fetal health and neurodevelopment
(Frontiers, 2024-05-29) Lakhno, Igor; Reyes-Lagos, José Javier; Adam, Ishag; Brownfoot, Fiona C.
Inflammation is a crucial and inevitable biological response in humans, playing an essential role in defense against infections and tissue repair. It is known as a basic pathological process. Inflammatory response is involved in the pathogenic scenario of several obstetrical syndromes. The main trigger for maternal inflammation is a disturbed placentation. HLA (Human Leukocyte Antigen) incompatibility between maternal and fetal tissues significantly influences the risk of preterm birth and pre-eclampsia. Therefore, immune-induced inflammation is a part of pre-eclampsia.
Maternal and fetal arrhythmia as a sign of hemodynamic deterioration: a case report
(Медексперт, 2024-02-20) Lakhno, Igor; Sykal, Iryna; Korovai, Svitlana; Korotych, Valentina; Tkachov, Andriy
The co-existing maternal (MA) and fetal arrythmia (FA) are associated with maternal goiter disease, chorioamnionitis, or Ballantyne’s syndrome. The aim of the study — to determine theinvolvement of maternal arrhythmia and fetal arrhythmia in the pathogenic scenario of hemodynamic deterioration in Ballantyne’s syndrome. Clinical case. It is presented the case of sustained several weeks of MA and FA. A pregnant woman aged 36 years was admitted to the division of maternal and fetal medicine at 34 weeks of gestation. She was gravida 4 and para 3. She had complaints of rapid heartbeat, left-side chest discomfort, and lower extremities edema. The diagnosis of maternal sinus tachycardia was supported via electrocardiography. The indices of fetal, umbilical, and uteroplacental hemodynamics detected via Doppler ultrasound were appropriate. However, fetal heart rate was 209 beats/min. The transplacental attack of oral sotalol 80 mg thrice daily was prescribed. But maternal and fetal tachycardia persisted to stay. The tricuspid regurgitation was detected via Doppler ultrasound next day. The fetus was hydropic. The male baby of 2400 g, 46 cm length, 31 cm head circumference, and Apgar score 3→5 was delivered via caesarean. The newborn was discharged in 21 days. He was admitted again in one month for rehabilitation. Maternal heart rate reduced to 72 beats/min and edema regressed in three days after birth. Conclusions. MA and FA before fetal hydrops are supposed to be the early signs of mirror syndrome. This speculation needs further investigation.
Women’s Health Problems - A Global Perspective
(IntechOpen, 2024) Russel Kabir; Ali Davod Parsa; Lakhno, Igor
Women’s health issues constitute a multifaceted global challenge, encompassing a wide range of complex problems that impact millions of women around the world. This edited volume, Women’s Health Problems – A Global Perspective, presents a comprehensive overview of the various health issues and societal challenges women face across different cultural, religious, and economic contexts. Our expert contributors, from diverse fields, offer in-depth analyses and evidencebased insights into topics including reproductive health and sexual health matters, menstruation, health service utilization, violence against women, and inequalities experienced by women. By examining these topics from a global perspective, this book underscores both the shared and distinct challenges women face in various regions. We aim for this collection to not only inform and educate but also to inspire further research and policy initiatives to enhance women’s health worldwide. This work is dedicated to all women, whose health and well-being are essential to the progress of our global society. The health of a woman throughout her life, from childhood to menopause, is a key focus of this volume. The holistic approach postulates that the function of the female reproductive system is critically dependent on general health. Ultrasound is of great significance in the medical visualization and diagnosis of diseases in women. Social and psychological adaptation depends on hormonal regulation. Premenstrual disorders can disrupt the daily activities of adult women. Testosterone is responsible for some adverse effects in women with polycystic ovarian syndrome or adrenal gland hyperplasia. Transgender individuals are the target population for prolonged testosterone administration. However, androgens play a beneficial role in sexual desire. Marriage is a considerable step towards childbirth. Multinational marriage is not only an ethical dilemma but also an instrument for improving genetic disturbances. Pregnancy is a period of maximal adaptive changes in the female reproductive system. The system of antenatal screening using biochemical and biophysical markers can contribute to the early diagnosis of chromosomal disorders, pre-eclampsia, preterm birth, and fetal growth restriction. Pre-eclampsia is one of the major obstetric syndromes that plays a crucial role in the programming of fetal and maternal health. There is no efficient treatment for pre-eclampsia, thus the emphasis is on prevention. Female endocrine regulation is an important part of homeostasis. Hypoestrogenicity is a trigger event for atherogenic vasculopathy. The activity of the ovaries impacts metabolic processes, vascular tone, and endothelial function. Hyperandrogenicity in polycystic ovarian disease is a trigger for adiposity, type 2 diabetes, and atherosclerosis. The increased level of testosterone persists even after menopause. Hormonal changes during menopause are discussed. Hormone replacement therapy has not shown an evident beneficial effect on the cardiovascular system. A possible therapeutic strategy for improved cardiovascular health during the transitional years of life is presented. The use of diet, L-arginine, and xylitol could be reasonable options for managing perimenopausal women. An alternative regimen of hormonal replacement therapy with herbal soy isoflavone extracts is presented as an efficient and safe option for women in their transitional years. This book includes a preface by the editors, followed by 12 chapters written by international experts, arranged in four sections. It is a useful resource for social workers, psychologists, general practitioners, endocrinologists, and gynecologists.