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Item Study of phenolic compounds of umbellate wintergreen herb and their influence on biochemical indicators of blood and urine in the rat model of chronic kidney disease(Science Rise: Pharmaceutical Science, 2024) Khodak, Larisa; Kovregin, Oleksiy; Mykhailenko, Olha; Yudkevich, Tetiana; Lytkin, Dmytro; Ivanauskas, Liudas; Vladymyrova, Inna; Starikov, VolodymyrDiseases of the kidneys and urinary tract are a common problem in people of all ages. Kidneys filter blood, removing water-soluble waste from the body, maintain water-salt balance, stabilize blood pressure and PH level. Intoxication, hypothermia, injuries and other causes lead to problems with the kidneys – inflammatory disease, urolithiasis, etc. Therefore, the development of effective herbal remedies that affect the etiopathogenic factors of diseases is urgent.Item Chronic adrenal insufficiency: pathogenesis, clinical presentation, diagnosis, treatment approaches(Харківський національний медичний університет, 2024-05) Kravchun, N.; Kravchun, P.; Herasymchuk, U.This manual describes in detail the modern concepts of epidemiology, etiopathogenesis, clinical course, diagnosis, differential diagnosis, treatment approaches, prevention, and prognosis of chronic adrenal insufficiency. The presented materials will be useful for self-study of the students of higher education, participants of refreshment courses and endocrinologists. Questions to control the level of knowledge and clinical situational tasks are presented.Item The relationship between the condition of the oral cavity and the use of tobacco products in different age groups(2024-05) Moroka, R.; Povaliaiev, V.; Tkachenko, I.; Fomenko, Yu.; Babai, O.; Mikulinska-Rudich, Yu.; Iskorostenska, O.; Borisenko, Ye.; Nazaryan, R.; Gargin, V.Understanding the harmful effects of using tobacco products (cigarettes, electronic cigarettes (e-cigarette) or vape, IQOS, hookah, etc.) by various segments of the population is one of the important ways to improve the condition of the tissues of the oral cavity, since smoking is an important risk factor for the occurrence of chronic destructive periodontal diseases.Item The cyclic changes in the endocervix in reproductive-age women(2024) Kulikova, F.I.; Куликова, Ф.Й.; Abdullaiev, Rizvan; Абдуллаєв, Різван Ягубович; Kyrychenko, Alla; Кириченко, Алла Григорівна; Leshcheva, Tetiana; Оспанова, Тетяна Сергіівна; Kutsiak, Tetiana; Куцяк, Тетяна Леонідівна; Khvorostenko, Julia; Хворостенко, Юлія Михайлівна; Kikhtenko, Igor; Кіхтенко, Ігор Миколайович; Zavizion, Victor; Завізіон, Віктор Федорович; Safarova, S.I.; Сафарова, С.І.The article presents data on transvaginal sonographic assessment of cyclic changes in the endocervix in 78 women of reproductive age (19-35 years) without uterine pathologies. Among the examined women, 46 (59.0±5.6%) had a history of pregnancy (group I), 32 (41.0±5.6%) did not experience pregnancy (group II). The thickness of the endocervix in the late proliferative period in women of group I averaged 6.3±0.7 mm, and in group II – 9.1±1.2 mm, indicating a significant (p<0.05) difference between them . A decrease in the echogenicity of the endocervix on days 9-10 of the menstrual cycle was noted in 29 (63.0±7.1%) women in group I, and in 23 (71.9±7.9%) in group II. A moderate increase in the echogenicity of the endocervix was most often recorded on days 13-14 of the cycle - in 36 (78.3±6.1%) and 18 (56.3±8.8%) women (P<0.05), respectively. Isoechogenic endocervix was most often observed on days 21-23 of the cycle - in 26 (56.5±7.3%) and 25 (78.1±7.3%) women (P<0.05), respectively.Item Assessment of society’s readiness for the legalization of еuthanasia, carried out in the field of palliative medicine(2024) Nesterenko, Valentyna; Kosilova, Olha; Redka, Iryna; Sukhonosov, Roman; Shevtsov, Oleksandr; Zhuravel, YanaAim:To determine the signs of society’s readiness to legalize euthanasia for palliative patients by interviewing both the patients themselves and their relatives (caregivers) and specialists who provide medical, psychological, social and spiritual services at the end-of-life. Materials and Methods:The study was carried out using a sociological method among palliative patients of three regions of Ukraine (Lviv, Kyiv and Kharkiv) on a random sample of 377 people surveyed during 2022–2024. The conducted research confirmed and clarified the previous results with greater reliability. Results: Among the interviewed palliative patients, 60,0% complained of unbearable chronic pain; 69.4% thought about suicide at least once or tried to commit it. At the same time, only 40.3% thought about the possibility of euthanasia (or looked for ways to perform it) (1,7 times less). The prevalence of opinions about the possibility of euthanasia was higher among relatives (caregivers) of palliative patients (47,4%), and lower among those who provide services (30,1%). Among all respondents, suicide was discussed more often than euthanasia 1,5 times more often. And a broad social dialogue on the legalization of euthanasia is considered possible only by a little more than half of the respondents. Conclusions: Ukrainian society is not ready for a broad dialogue about the need to legalize euthanasia, which actually means the continuation of the suffering of a significant number of palliative patients who do not receive adequate pain relief and most do not have the financial opportunity to use euthanasia tourism.Item A case report of a hemorrhagic stroke with atrial fibrillation in combination with hypertension(2024) Samoilova, Hanna; Markovska, Olena; Tovazhnyanska, Olena; Myroshnychenko, Mykhailo; Bibichenko, Viktoria; Sakal, HannaBackground. Stroke is a heterogeneous syndrome, and identification of risk factors and treatment dependson the specific pathogenesis of the disease. Cardiovascular diseases are risk factors for the development of acute disorders of cerebral circulation. According to recent studies, one third of all ischemic strokes are cardioembolic. The main pathoetiology of a hemorrhagic stroke in the form of intracerebral hemorrhages is chronic hypertension and cerebral amyloid angiopathy. The occurrence of a hemorrhagic stroke against the background of atrial fibrillation in combination with hypertension is a rather rare phenomenon and poses a problem in the choice of treatment for such patients. The aim was to determine the optimal treatment for a complex case of a hemorrhagic stroke with atrial fibrillation in combination with hypertension. Materials and methods. We present the clinical case of an 84-year-old woman who developed a hemorrhagic stroke on the background of atrial fibrillation in combination with hypertension. The main issue the cardio-neurological team faced was the administration of oral anticoagulants. On the one hand, the patient had indications for their administration according to current clinical guidelines (CHA2 DS2-VASc score of 6 points); on the other hand, the presence of a hemorrhagic stroke is a contraindication. Results. This case demonstrates the solution to the difficult issue of choosing treatment for a hemorrhagic stroke and prevention of secondary complications of atrial fibrillation in combination with hypertension. After medical cardioversion, using clinical recommendations for the treatment of a hemorrhagic stroke, as well as given the positive dynamics of the neurological status, the patient was prescribed apixaban at a dose of 2.5 mg twice a day under the control of a coagulogram from the 7th day of the disease onset. Conclusions. We believe it is necessary to perform a thorough neurological examination and assessment of cognitive functions in all patients with atrial fibrillation, as well as to consider neuroimaging prior to the prescription of anticoagulant therapy. We recommend considering the administration of oral anticoagulants to patients with a low risk of recurrence and a high risk of thromboembolic complications after intracerebral hemorrhage.Item Comparative myocardial oxygen consumption characteristics for the individuals with different types of functional asymmetry(2024-01) Bulynina, O.D.; Maslova, N.M.In the process of activities, changes are observed in the functional state of the body that are conditioned by the transition of physiological systems from a state of rest to that of stress and fatigue with subsequent recovery of those systems. The functional state of the cardiovascular system responding most promptly to muscle efforts and limiting the body's capacity to work can serve as a reliable indicator of the level of adaptive reactions to emerging internal and external effects under intense physical exertion.Item Impact of stress on emotional health and cognitive function(2024) Marakushin, D.; Bulynina, O.; Isaieva, I.; Karmazina, I.; Maslova, N.Emotional stress can have both a positive effect, which is aimed at adaptation, and a negative one, which affects the higher integrative functions of the brain, and also leads to the development of numerous diseases. In this regard, the problem of establishing the influence of stress factors on the emotional state and cognitive function becomes relevant, which creates the prerequisites for a detailed analysis of the scientific data.Item A Comparison of Ukrainian Hospital Services and Functions Before and During the Russia-UkraineWar JAMA Health Forum(2024) Haque, Ubydul; Bukhari, Moeen Hamid; Fiedler, Nancy; Wang, Shanshan; Korzh, Oleksii; Espinoza, Juan; Miraj Ahmad; Holovanova, Irina; Chumachenko, Tetyana; Marchak, Olga; Chumachenko, Dmytro; Ulvi, Osman; Sikder, fthekarl; Hubenko, Hanna; Barrett, Emily S.Item Features of apoptotic and proliferative processes in experimental infected radiation-induced skin ulcer under conditions of photodynamic therapy and the use of platelet-rich plasma(2024) Pushkar, Olena; Myroshnychenko, Mykhailo; Koliada, OlehAim: The purpose of the study was to identify the features of apoptotic and proliferative processes in experimental Staphylococcus aureus-infected radiation skin ulcer under conditions of photodynamic therapy and the use of platelet-rich plasma. Materials and Methods: An experimental study was conducted on 95 six-month-old male rats of the WAG population, which were divided into three groups. Group 1 included 25 animals that were simulated a radiation ulcer of the skin in the thigh area with subsequent application to its surface on the 7th day after irradiation with 0.2 ml of a suspension of the Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 25923) reference strain (0.5 million microbial cells/cm2 ). Group 2 included 25 animals with Staphylococcus aureus-infected radiation skin ulcer, which were subjected to photodynamic therapy a day after infection. Group 3 included 45 animals with Staphylococcus aureus-infected radiation skin ulcers, which, 1 day after infection, received photodynamic therapy in the first half of the day, and in the second half of the day the periphery of the wound defect was injected with platelet-rich plasma. The material for the study was skin with underlying soft tissues from the area of radiation exposure. Histological, immunohistochemical, morphometric and statistical methods were used. Results: In cases of simultaneous use of photodynamic therapy and platelet-rich plasma, compared with photodynamic therapy alone, the processes of apoptosis and proliferation were more balanced, active, with a shift in the proliferative-apoptotic ratio towards proliferation processes and met the needs of the regenerative process. From the 10th to the 22nd day of the experiment these processes increased, which indicated active healing processes, that, during survey microscopy on the 22nd day, were manifested by the complete filling of the wound cavity with granulation and connective tissues with the presence of an epithelial layer on the surface of the regenerate. From the 22nd to the 45th day of the experiment, a decrease in the rate of regeneration was recorded, as evidenced by a decrease in the intensity of apoptotic and proliferative processes. The intensity of the latter was sufficient, which led to the healing of Staphylococcus aureus-infected radiation skin ulcer on the 45th day with complete restoration of the original structure of the skin. Conclusions: Photodynamic therapy in combination with the use of platelet-rich plasma balancedly activates apoptotic and proliferative processes with a predominance of the latter in granulation and connective tissues filling the lumen of Staphylococcus aureus-infected radiation skin ulcer, which on the 45th day of the experiment leads to wound healing with complete restoration of the original structure of the skin.